文史哲 ›› 2023 ›› Issue (2): 83-94. • 儒学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇



说晏子“麋鹿之裘”——兼论《晏子春秋》的礼制问题

李飞,山东大学文学院副教授   

  • 出版日期:2023-03-05

A Study of Yanzi Wearing Deer Fur Cloak: With a Discussion of the Ritual System in Yanzi’s Spring and Autumn Annals

  • Online:2023-03-05 Published:2023-03-31

摘要: 晏子衣麋鹿之裘,是其节俭的一种表现,后来注家不了解当时鹿裘作为下品之裘的地位,而试图以儒家舆服等级制度来解释这一现象,其说难从。《晏子春秋》与三《礼》时代大致相当,但彼时礼制变化剧烈,三《礼》内部不能一贯,《晏子春秋》兼具史书与子书的双重性质,这些因素使得二者礼制之间的关系呈现出极为复杂的形态。《晏子春秋》中对于礼制的记录和探讨,不仅可以印证儒家礼制,更可以补其不足,可视作先秦儒家礼学向两汉经学(尤其是齐学)礼学的过渡环节,影响到了后来儒家某些重要礼制的形成。

关键词: 麋鹿之裘, 《晏子春秋》, 三《礼》, 礼制

Abstract:

It is a frugal behavior for Yanzi wearing deer fur cloak, yet later commentators did not understand that deer fur was the low-grade vestment at that time, and tried to explain it with Confucian ritual hierarchy. Yanzi’s Spring and Autumn Annals was about contemporary with the three classics on rites, but the ritual system changed drastically then, and the three classics could not be consistent with themselves. Yanzi’s Spring and Autumn Annals owns the dual characteristics of history and philosophy, and such characteristics lead to a complicated form on recording the ritual system. The records and discussions of ritual system in the book could both confirm and complement the Confucian ritual system, which can be regarded as a transition link on ritual system between pre-Qin Confucianism and studies of Confucian classics in the Han dynasties, especially the Qi School.